Political Clash Intensifies in Brazil Over Antifaction Bill and Reelection Amendment

Brazil is experiencing heightened political tensions surrounding key legislative initiatives, notably the Antifacção Bill and a proposed constitutional amendment to end reelection for executive offices. These developments underscore significant government-opposition conflict as the nation nears the 2026 electoral cycle.

Federal Deputy Guilherme Derrite (PP-SP), rapporteur of the Antifacção Bill in the Chamber of Deputies, sharply criticized the Federal Government for sidelining institutional dialogue during the bill's development. He accused the government of choosing a "political attack" strategy instead of constructive engagement, despite his openness to discussions. The bill, aiming to impose tougher penalties on criminal organizations and enhance investigative tools, passed the Chamber overwhelmingly with 370 votes in favor and 110 against on October 18. It now awaits Senate review under Senator Alessandro Vieira (MDB-SE), who aims to craft a consensus text involving stakeholders in combating criminal factions. Derrite is also preparing to leave his post as São Paulo Secretary of Public Security to return to Congress, eyeing a Senate seat in 2026 with backing from former President Jair Bolsonaro.

Meanwhile, Senate President Davi Alcolumbre is advancing a constitutional amendment proposal that would eliminate reelection possibilities for executive positions starting in 2028, despite President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva's opposition. Lula conveyed his concerns about the amendment in talks with Senator Marcelo Castro, the bill's rapporteur, noting that many countries allow reelection. Alcolumbre is additionally set to bring to a vote a project on the special retirement of health agents, which could impose a fiscal cost exceeding R$20 billion over ten years.

These legislative movements reflect a volatile political environment, with government and opposition forces clashing over crime policy and democratic rules amid looming electoral contests. As Derrite and others position themselves for upcoming elections, the outcome of these proposals will have profound consequences on Brazil's governance and political landscape.